journal articles
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE FREQUENCY OF GOING OUTDOORS BY LIFE SPACE AND INCIDENT DISABILITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Takehiko Doi, Sho Nakakubo, Fumio Sakimoto, Soichiro Matsuda, Hiroyuki Shimada
BACKGROUND: Going outdoors is crucial in promoting older adults’ health. This study examined the association between incident disability and the frequency of going outdoors in certain life spaces.
METHODS: This prospective study included 19,822 older adults (mean age ± standard deviation: 73.5 ± 5.8 years; 53.6 % women). The frequency of going outdoors within the past month was collected based on life space, categorized by distance from home (up to 1 km; 1–10 km; and >10 km). Participants were classified into three groups (called “Rarely”: less than 1 day, “Sometimes”: 1 to 3 days, and “Often”: 4 days or more) for each life space. Incident disability was defined using the Long-Term Care Insurance system data (mean follow-up: 23.3 months). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the association between incident disability and the frequency of going outdoors for each life space, adjusted for covariates.
RESULTS: A total of 1038 (5.2 %) participants had an incident disability. Within the “up to 1 km” category, no frequency group was associated with disability; within “1–10 km,” two frequency groups were associated with disability (“Sometimes” group: hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, [95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.73–0.99]; “Often” group: HR 0.68, [95 % CI: 0.57–0.81]); within “>10 km,” similar results were observed (“Sometimes” group: HR 0.84, [95 % CI: 0.72–0.98]; “Often” group: HR 0.75, [95 % CI: 0.53–1.07]).
CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of going outdoors at specific distances from home is associated with disability.
CITATION:
Takehiko Doi ; Sho Nakakubo ; Fumio Sakimoto ; Soichiro Matsuda ; Hiroyuki Shimada (2025): Association between the frequency of going outdoors by life space and incident disability among older adults. The Journal of Frailty and Aging (JFA). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjfa.2025.100070